Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate the role of RNA interference in the inhibition of MUC1 gene expression in occurrence and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its in-depth mechanisms. The OSCC and normal oral mucosa tissues, as well as normal oral epithelial cell line HOK and OSCC cell line SCC-4, Cal-27, TSCCA, Tca8113 were obtained to detect the expression of MUC1. Slug expression in OSCC and normal oral mucosa tissues was also determined. The OSCC cells were grouped to investigate the role of MUC1 gene silencing on proliferation, DNA replication, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, colony formation ability, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, and migration of OSCC cells. We first found higher positive rate of MUC1 and Slug expression in OSCC tissues. Next, it was determined that higher expression of MUC1 was found in OSCC tissues and cells. Furthermore, silencing of MUC1 declined Slug expression, inhibited the proliferation, DNA replication, cell cycle progression, and EMT while inducing apoptosis of OSCC cells. Our study suggests that overexpression of MUC1 is found in OSCC, and MUC1 gene silencing could inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and migration while inducing apoptosis of OSCC cells.
Highlights
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is involved in the oral tongue, lower gingival and alveolus, upper gingival, floor of the mouth, retromolar triangle, buccal mucosa, lip mucosa, and hard palate [1]
With the aim to observe the expression of Mucin 1 (MUC1) in OSCC tissues and normal oral mucosa tissues, we performed immunohistochemistry to detect the expression of MUC1
The immunohistochemical staining results demonstrated that MUC1 was mainly expressed in cell cytoplasm in light yellow to brown in OSCC and normal oral mucosa tissues, and the nucleus was basically not stained (Figure 1)
Summary
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is involved in the oral tongue, lower gingival and alveolus, upper gingival, floor of the mouth, retromolar triangle, buccal mucosa, lip mucosa, and hard palate [1]. OSCC accounts for nearly 3% of all malignant tumors around the world, with 550,000 new cases every year worldwide in recent years [2,3]. The main therapy for OSCC is the surgical resection accompanied by radiotherapy and chemotherapy [6]. Great advances have been achieved in general patient care, surgical techniques, as well as local and systemic adjuvant therapies, while the mortality rate of OSCC still high and the 5-year overall survival rate remains less than 50% [7,8]. It is of great importance to find potential targets for the treatment of patients suffering from OSCC [9]
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