Resurgence and Response: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Pakistan's Counter-Terrorism Strategies amidst Rising Terrorism Threats

Abstract

The current review paper critically examines the effectiveness of Pakistan's current counter-terrorism policies in the context of the resurgence of terrorism. This paper is based on a systematic review of the relevant themes and addresses the successes, challenges, and complexity entailed in Pakistan's counter-terrorism measures. The prolonged military campaigns have been instrumental in breaking the backbone of the terrorist group, which has led to a significant decline in the number of events and deaths. Nevertheless, there are still many questions related to the viability of these achievements. Some of the critical challenges include long-lasting stability, reconstruction of regions in conflict, re-emergence of threats from extremists, etc. A significant criticism of Pakistan's counter-terrorism strategy lies in its selectivity when it comes to handling specific militant groups. In addition, the paper also points out the socio-political and economic dynamics that allow for acts of terrorism. These factors are political instability, socio-economic gaps, and regional and international repercussions. It also discusses profound internal security lacunas, human rights issues and financial challenges – the case of Pakistan being put on the Financial Action Task Force's 'Grey list' is raised. The paper concludes that although the counter-terrorism policies in Pakistan have achieved significant successes, adopting a comprehensive strategy to balance security interests and socio-economic development should be blended with human rights considerations. Addressing both external and internal threats is required for proper accountability of the terrorism menace to build lasting peace. Keywords: Terrorism, Resurgence of terrorism, Counter-terrorism policy, Effectiveness, Pakistan