Resting Heart Rate, QTc Interval, and Laboratory Variables in Relation to Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adult Male

Abstract

Objectives Each of resting heart rate, QTc interval, blood uric acid, leukocyte count, erythrocyte count, and calcium and other laboratory variables were reported to be related to metabolic syndrome. Thus, more variables including the above are extensively examined together to verify the effect on metabolic syndrome in Korean adult male. Methods A total of 889 male subjects who have undergone healthy volunteer screening from June 2011 to January 2016 for phase 1 clinical trial were analyzed. The criteria for metabolic syndrome included blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) by American Heart Association/National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI, 2005), and body mass index (BMI) by American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE, 2003). Heart rate, QTc interval, complete blood cell count, serum creatinine, uric acid, calcium, AST, ALT, and alkaline phosphatase were included as risk factors for metabolic syndrome. The data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression analysis using SAS 9.4. Results About 4.4% of subjects had at least 3 of 5 criteria for metabolic syndrome. Age, leukocyte count, erythrocyte count, AST, ALT, uric acid, and calcium were positive correlated (p<0.05) with the count of satisfied metabolic syndrome criteria among age, resting heart rate, QTc interval, laboratory variables. Six variables-Age, erythrocyte count, uric acid, ALT, calcium, and leukocyte-were selected as significant variables for explaining the count of satisfied criteria for metabolic syndrome by multiple regression analysis, of which the coefficient of determination was 11%. Conclusions The count of satisfied criteria for metabolic syndrome increased as the age becomes older, which signifies the importance of management in the old age. Other variables such as erythrocyte, uric acid, ALT, calcium, leukocyte should be managed or monitored more carefully to reduce metabolic syndrome. Key words: Metabolic syndrome, Male, Blood cell counts, Blood chemical analyses, Heart rate