Response of several genotypes of faba bean by effect plant density

Abstract

A field experiment has been accomplished during the winter season 2015-2016 at the research station of the college of agriculture-Field Crops-University of Anbar-Alternative location (previously the College of Agriculture-University of Baghdad) which is located in Abu Ghareeb, the longitude ⁰44 and latitude ⁰33. The field is designed according to the Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D.) at the arrangement of split plot dissident panels; with three Replicates. The effect in growth of three plant (Vicia faba L.) densities 55.555, 83.333, 166.66 a thousand plant ha-1 has been studied which is a total of five genotypes and Broad bean (Vicia faba L.) (local (Iraqi)), Spanish, Giza, Hammat and Nobari). Plant density has a significant effect on all of the growth traits and qualities of the plant. Therefore it has been recorded that the 166.66 plant ha-1, the growth average is 7.73 gm.m2 day-1, and a seed yield with 5.60 ton ha-1. As for the 55.555 plant ha-1 plant density, it has the best qualities such as the average of leaf area by 4096 cm2 plant-1, and active fertility ratio in flowers about 10.46%, the number of pods which is 13.09 pod plant-1, the weight of 100 seeds is 148.5 gm. In all of the studied characteristics, the genotypes varied significantly; as the Spanish genotype has the best average in quality, so it produced about 7.06 ton ha-1. The impact of inference between global studies was significant for most of the qualities if given plant density 55.55 plant ha-1 with genotype Spain's highest effective fertilization in flowering with 11.54 % and the number of cores in the plant 16017 pod. Plant while gave the plant density with genotype spain highest average yield growth rate of 8.93, so we recommend 8.55 ton ha-1 in the use of Spanish class with high densities.