Effect of Phosphate Fertilization on the Growth and Yield of Three Genotypes of Faba Bean( Vicia faba L.)

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out in the winter season 2020-2021 in Al- Bualwan area of Fallujah District - Anbar Governorate to study the effect of phosphate fertilization on the growth and yield traits of the faba bean crop. The experiment was applied using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) according to the split-plot arrangement with three replications. The main plots included three levels of phosphate fertilization (0, 60, 120) kg P2O5 h-1, while the sub plots included three faba bean genotypes (American, Italian, and Dutch). According to the study levels, phosphate fertilizer was added in one batch before planting. The most important results were the following: The American genotype superiority in growth and yield traits, giving the highest average for each plant height( 95.63) cm, number of branches (10.11 ) branch plan-1 , leaf area per plant( 1053) cm2 plant-1, number of pods( 17.50 )pod plant-1, number of seeds per pod (6.11) seed pod-1, the weight of 100 seed (96.06) g and the total seed yield is( 4.168) tons ha-1. The effect of phosphate fertilizer was significantly in most of the studied traits. The level 120 kg P2O5 ha-1 gave the highest average for each of the plant height( 94.00) cm, number of branches( 9.83) branch plant-1, leaf area of the plant (2342) cm 2 plant-1, number of pods (17.83) pod plant-1, weight of 100 seed( 95.44) g and total seeds yield( 4.078) tons ha-1. There was a significant interaction between the American genotype and the level of 120 kg P2O5 ha-1 of phosphate fertilizer in plant height, number of branches per plant, leaf area, number of pods per plant and weight of 100 seeds.