Abstract
Pyrethroid are a class of novel broad-spectrum pesticides synthesized to mimic natural pyrethrins. Due to their high efficiency, low toxicity, and safety, pyrethroids have been widely used as alternatives to organophosphates and carbamates in the control of agricultural and sanitary pests. However, with the increasing use of pyrethroid pesticides, the resulting pesticide residues have posed threats to both the environment and human health. Biodegradation is considered one of the most promising methods for the removal of pyrethroids, and significant research has been conducted in this area. This review summarizes recent advances in the biodegradation of pyrethroids, including degradation by single strains, microbial consortia, and enzymes. It provides an in-depth analysis of the biodegradation pathways and catalytic mechanisms of pyrethroids and outlines enhancement strategies for improving the activity of pyrethroid-degrading enzymes. The review also identifies current challenges in pyrethroid biodegradation and offers perspectives for future research. This review serves as a valuable reference for subsequent studies on pyrethroid biodegradation.
Published Version
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