Abstract
This paper analyzes the complex relationship among flood control, power generation and ecological maintenance for the four cascade reservoirs located on the lower reaches of the Jinsha River, China. A weighted flood control index is incorporated and a constraining method consisting of the combination of a constrained corridor and a penalty function is proposed. A comprehensive utilization model is established in this paper based on the objectives of flood prevention, power generation, and ecological maintenance of the downstream cascade reservoir group of the Jinsha River during flood season. In addition, based on the coalescent selection of reference points and vector angles, an optimized non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (VA-NSGA-III) is proposed. The algorithm is applied to the constructed model to define the cooperative competition mechanisms among these three targets, resulting in a set of non-inferior scheduling schemes with more uniformity and better convergence acquired with VA-NSGA-III. The scheduling program shows that there is a non-linear competitive relationship between the power generation and ecological effects of the cascade reservoirs during flood season, and the competitiveness weakens as the power generation increases. Furthermore, when the flood control is at low risk, there exists a complex coupling relationship between competition and coordination of the flood control, power generation, and ecological maintenance. While the risk appears high, there is a competitive relationship between flood control and power generation, with flood control being in synergy with ecological maintenance.
Highlights
Since the late 1990s, hydropower projects in China have developed rapidly, and a complex and large-scale network of cascade reservoirs has emerged throughout the country
Of VA-NSGA-III, these outlier points scarcely deviate from the boundary and are still within the tail
The solution set obtained by VA-NSGA-III is analyzed independently
Summary
Since the late 1990s, hydropower projects in China have developed rapidly, and a complex and large-scale network of cascade reservoirs has emerged throughout the country. Hydropower development in China is transitioning from building reservoirs at a high rate, to the better operational management of existing reservoirs. Optimization of reservoir groups has become the primary focus to improve the operational efficiency of cascade reservoirs in drainage areas. Reservoir group scheduling is an optimal control problem for a multi-objective, dynamic, and complex nonlinear system with a large number of constraints. The current scheduling method is mainly divided into two types based on rule extraction and optimization.
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