Abstract
Monitoring the depth of anesthesia during cardiac surgery is a complex and difficult task. Alongside the conventional standard and advanced monitoring instruments, the EEG bispectral index (BIS) has proven more effective in reducing intraoperative consciousness incidents. Additionally, it offers the benefits of diminishing the requirement for anesthetic drugs and detecting cerebral ischemia. Nevertheless, pertinent evidence indicates that BIS requires improvement in various clinical scenarios. This article provides a comprehensive introduction to the principles of BIS, deliberates on the pros and cons of its clinical application, and explores methods for enhancing its efficacy. BIS fits an optimal number by fitting the mixed information from the EEG. It is widely used in drug application, depth monitoring of anesthesia and evaluation of consciousness state, but low temperature, electronic interference, and systematic error will affect it, and the standardized use and application of new technology will help to enhance its efficacy.
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