Research on Energy Storage System Participation in Primary Frequency Regulation of Large-scale Wind Turbines

Abstract

The capacity optimization configuration strategy of the multiple energy storage system and the related engineering application feasibility are investigated. Due to the intermittence and randomness of the wind speed, there is often a varying fluctuation of the large-scale wind turbines, and thus it poses a major threat to the frequency stability of the power grid. The energy storage system, including the flywheel and the battery, may provide a potential solution to solve the primary frequency regulation control issue of the large-scale wind turbines. First of all, the biases between the active output power of the large-scale wind turbines and the desired active power is decomposed into the high frequency offset component, and the low frequency offset component, and a certain threshold is set as the constraint condition in order to avoid frequent charge and discharge of the energy storage system. Then, an objective function aimed at minimizing the lowest economic cost is established, and the hybrid energy storage system capacity optimization issue is solved by employing the proposed chaotic self-adaptive particle optimization algorithm. Based on the computational results in a wind farm, several performance indices are then employed to validate the effectiveness and rightness of the proposed charge and discharge strategies of the energy storage system. Finally, experimental results in the wind farm are presented to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approaches.