Abstract
The widespread distribution of sandstone and slate interbedded strata in southwestern China makes tunnels within these formations highly susceptible to water and mud inrush disasters due to engineering disturbances and water-pressure coupling effects. Taking the Xinping Tunnel project as an example, this study analyzes and summarizes tunnels’ geological structure, rock mass structure, and water storage characteristics in water-rich sandstone and slate interbedded strata based on engineering surveys. It proposes an engineering geological model for these tunnels’ water and mud inrush disasters, considering the along-strike and cross-strike spatial features. The study investigates prevention and control measures under different construction concepts through numerical simulation methods, such as drainage-based, primarily grouting-based, and combined drainage and grouting. It presents the advantages and disadvantages of each type of measure, providing a basis for the scientific prevention and control of tunnel water and mud inrush disasters. Accordingly, integrated combined prevention-control measures for two application scenarios, the potential water and mud inrush stage at the tunnel workface and the occurrence stage of water and mud inrush at the tunnel workface, are proposed and applied at the construction site, effectively addressing the issue of water and mud inrush disasters in water-rich sandstone and slate interbedded strata tunnels.
Published Version
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