Research of floods in the mountains and foothill areas of Uzbekistan

Abstract

The article examines the rising frequency of extreme weather events linked to global climate change, particularly noting an increase in flash floods and peak flow rates over the last decade. To conduct the analysis, mathematical and statistical techniques were employed, followed by field data collection and comparative calculations of the measurements obtained. The findings reveal a clear correlation between the rise in flooding incidents and global climate change. In Uzbekistan, the mudflow-active watersheds cover an area of 53,770 km², representing 12% of the nation’s total land area. There are 709 mudflow-active waterways, and 858 national and other economic structures are situated within flood-prone zones. Additionally, the impacts of climate change and natural disasters extend across borders and are influenced by the management of natural resources. Flood-related damages tend to be substantial, but they can be significantly mitigated through well-organized flood control measures based on scientific principles, such as assessing flood hazards in developed mountainous areas and implementing effective preventive and warning measures, including the establishment of flood hazard warning services. Thus, to effectively prevent disasters, it is essential to establish cross-border monitoring and early warning systems.