Remarkable role of [formula omitted] on transportation of [formula omitted] hybrid nanoparticles influenced by thermal deposition and internal heat generation

Abstract

The present work focuses on examining nanofluidic transport in presence of temperature dependent viscosity. In order to conduct a comparative investigation Silicon dioxide and Molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles are considered to be suspended in propylene glycol. Furthermore, heat transfer has been inspected for nano and hybrid nanofluids influenced by internal heat source/sink, thermal radiation, and heat dissipation. Additionally, the Cartesian coordinate system opts for mathematical formulation of governing equations. Moreover, similarity analysis is employed to obtain the system of highly nonlinear coupled equations which is solved numerically by means of shooting technique. The key findings include that nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid floe decelerates for increasing values of the viscosity parameter and magnetic parameter while a contrary trend was observed for the rising values of Grashof number. Volumetric fraction ϕ1 and ϕ2 contributed in decelerating fluid flow for plate-shaped particles of nanofluid as well as of hybrid nanofluid. Temperature distribution up surged for rising values of Biot number, Eckert number, viscosity parameter, magnetic parameter, heat generation parameter and lessened for rising values of radiation parameter, Grashof number. This trend was noted for SiO2 and MoS2−SiO2 nanofluids. Moreover, magnetic field, viscous dissipation and heat generation contributed in rising Nusselt number while opposite behavior was observed in presence of thermal radiation and convective boundaries. Furthermore, the maximum Nusselt number was attained for needle shape nanoparticles of MoS2−SiO2 and the minimum value was noted for plate-shaped SiO2 nanoparticles. Nanoparticle volumetric fractions play role in rising skin fraction of SiO2 nanofluid while it decreased in case of hybrid nanofluid. Moreover, minimum skin fraction was noted for needle-shaped nanoparticles of hybrid nanofluid and the maximum value was recorded for plate-shaped nanoparticles of SiO2 .