Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze individual differences of reification in an intercultural-community-based society while considering the variables of religion and sex in a sample of 1120 Spanish individuals: 810 women (72.5%) and 310 men (27.5%). Of these, 66.10% were Christian and 25% were Muslim, with reported ages ranging between 17 and 26 years old (mean age 19.84 years old). Once the quality parameters of the instrument (reification in community-based intercultural questionnaire) were determined, we confirmed the reliability and through confirmatory factor analysis using structural equation modeling methodology, data collection was initiated. The general results indicate that 87.50% of the respondents had been whistled at while walking along the street on at least one occasion. The ANOVA results indicate significant differences in sex and religion; women in the sample suffered greater feelings of reification in an intercultural-community-based society than men, with Muslim women specifically reporting the strongest results. The results demonstrate that women suffer more reification issues in their daily lives, with this sometimes due to their partners. Addressing this barrier to achieving equality between men and women is obligatory, so public and private institutions still have considerable work to do to achieve this goal.
Highlights
In this increasingly globalized world, with each generation, multicultural and traditional activities are increasingly intermingling on a daily basis
With the emergence and proliferation of social networks, within the cyber intercultural and plural interreligious and international context, with a society defined with diverse terms such as “global village”, “cyberspace”, and “telematic society”, the extended use of information and communication technology and amongst adolescents has led to a considerable increase in psychological harassment through technological means (Luengo 2012)
Based on the previous analysis, the objectives of the present study were as follows: (1) to design and validate an instrument to analyze the impact of reification, according to the cultural relational nature and sex of participants as a function of their cultures and contexts; (2) to determine the possible associations between a society of community-based participatory information and the variables of sex and religion; and (3) a quantitative study was conducted based on analytical-empirical social research methods
Summary
In this increasingly globalized world, with each generation, multicultural and traditional activities are increasingly intermingling on a daily basis. With the emergence and proliferation of social networks, within the cyber intercultural and plural interreligious and international context, with a society defined with diverse terms such as “global village”, “cyberspace”, and “telematic society”, the extended use of information and communication technology and amongst adolescents has led to a considerable increase in psychological harassment through technological means (Luengo 2012). This is largely due to the proliferation of influencers and YouTubers. These aspects are influential precursors to the social relationships formed
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