Reliability assessment of a standalone wind-conventional/energy storage system using probabilistic production simulation method

Abstract

This paper presents a reliability evaluation technique for a small standalone system including wind and conventional resources integrated with an energy storage system. A battery bank is considered as the energy storage system. The focus in this analysis is on the effect of battery modeling and its performance on system reliability. In this way, this paper presents an accurate model for the electrochemical batteries, which takes into account all the influential characteristics of the battery related to reliability studies, such as depth of charge, efficiency of charge, and rate of discharge. The proposed reliability evaluation method is based on the combination of a probabilistic production simulation technique as an analytical method and time series technique, in the domain of adequacy studies. By using the probabilistic production simulation technique, not only can the reliability of wind-conventional resources be assessed, but the fuel consumption can also be analyzed. On the other hand, by using the time series approach, the time variation of wind speed and operating constraints of the battery bank can be considered in evaluating the reliability indices. In this paper, a typical lead--acid battery bank is used. It is shown how the accurate modeling of the battery bank can affect the reliability indices. Beneficial results are obtained for different operating strategies and wind penetrations and are then compared.