Relationship between the content of periostin in gingival crevicular fluid and periodontitis

Abstract

Objective To investigate the relationship between periostin and periodontitis by detecting and comparing the level of periostin in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from patients with and without chronic periodontitis. Methods A total of 48 patients with chronic periodontitis and 17 periodontal healthy adults in Shenzhen People′s Hospital were enrolled via direct selection method from September 2016 to June 2018. Periodontal index including bleeding index (BI) , probing depth (PD) and attachment loss (AL) were recorded. The chronic periodontitis patients were divided into mild (15 cases) /moderate (22 cases) and severe periodontitis group (11 cases) . GCF were collected and assays for periostin were performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) . A software (SPSS 25.0) was used for statistical analysis, and the significant level was set at 0.05. Results There was a significantly lower concentration of periostin in GCF of periodontitis group [ (0.45 ± 0.13) pg/μL] than that of control group [ (0.56 ± 0.23) pg/μL, t = 2.40, P = 0.019]. The GCF periostin levels of the mild/moderate/severe periodontitis groups were (0.57 ± 0.09) pg/μL, (0.43 ± 0.09) pg/μL and (0.34 ± 0.11) pg/μL, respectively, which decreased gradually as the aggravation of inflammation. There was a negative relationship between the periostin in GCF and all the three clinical parameters, i.e. BI, PD and Al (P<0.001) . Conclusions The periostin concentration in GCF of periodontitis patients was significantly lower than that of periodontal healthy people. Periostin may be associated with the severity of periodontitis. Key words: Periodontitis; Gingival crevicular fluid; Periostin