Abstract
Background. The reason why HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) suffer from the increased immune activation remains elusive. Regulatory T-cells (Treg) are able to control immune activation, but their quantity may vary due to the infection. The aim of this work was to estimate the number and subsets of Tregs in HIV-positive patients receiving virologically effective HAART.Materials and methods. The CD4+ T-lymphocyte (CD3+CD4+) and Treg (CD3+CD4+FOXP3+) quantities were determined by flow cytometry. Treg subsets were assessed based on the FOXP3 expression level. The state of T-cell activation was established according to the simultaneous expression of CD38 and HLA-DR molecules.Results. It was shown that HIV-positive patients compared to healthy people have reduced CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts despite virologically effective HAART. At the same time in HIV-infected people, Treg absolute numbers were only slightly decreased. Moreover, the major part of Treg pool in their blood consisted of lymphocytes with a high level of FOXP3 expression that corresponded to the phenotype of cells with the highest suppressor activity. However, an increased relative amount of activated CD4+ T-lymphocytes was retained in the HIV-infected individuals’ blood.Conclusion. In HIV-infected patients who received HAART in time and whose treatment resulted in an effective HIV viral load suppression and a satisfactory CD4+ T-cell counts increase, a relatively large pool of peripheral Tregs is maintained. However, these lymphocytes are not enough to fully control immune activation that develops against the background of chronic lentivirus infection.
Highlights
The reason why human immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) suffer from the increased immune activation remains elusive
It was shown that HIV-positive patients compared to healthy people have reduced CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts despite virologically effective HAART
The major part of Treg pool in their blood consisted of lymphocytes with a high level of FOXP3 expression that corresponded to the phenotype of cells with the highest suppressor activity
Summary
Черешнев В.А.1, 2, 3, Сайдакова Е.В.1, 2, Королевская Л.Б.1, Шмагель Н.Г.1, 4, Шмагель К.В.1, 2. Оценка численности и субпопуляционного состава регуляторных Т-лимфоцитов ВИЧпозитивных пациентов, принимающих эффективную АРТ. Количество CD4+ Т-лимфоцитов (CD3+CD4+) и регуляторных Т-клеток (Treg; CD3+CD4+FOXP3+) определяли методом проточной цитофлюориметрии. Субпопуляционный состав регуляторных Т-лимфоцитов оценивали по уровню экспрессии FOXP3. Вместе с тем абсолютное количество регуляторных CD4+ Т-клеток у зараженных ВИЧ людей падает незначительно. Однако на этом фоне в крови ВИЧ-инфицированных лиц сохраняется повышенное относительное количество активированных CD4+ Т-лимфоцитов. У ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов, которым была своевременно назначена терапия и у которых лечение привело к эффективному подавлению вирусной нагрузки ВИЧ и удовлетворительному приросту числа периферических CD4+ Т-лимфоцитов, поддерживается сравнительно большой пул периферических регуляторных Т-клеток. Для цитирования: Черешнев В.А., Сайдакова Е.В., Королевская Л.Б., Шмагель Н.Г., Шмагель К.В. Субпопуляционный состав регуляторных Т-лимфоцитов у пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией при эффективной антиретровирусной терапии. Chereshnev V.A.1, 2, 3, Saidakova E.V.1, 2, Korolevskaya L.В.1, Shmagel N.G.1, 4, Shmagel K.V.1, 2
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