Abstract
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDCs) comprise a class of natural or synthetic molecules and groups of substances which are considered as emerging contaminants due to their toxicity and danger for the ecosystems, including human health. Nowadays, the presence of EDCs in water and wastewater has become a global problem, which is challenging the scientific community to address the development and application of effective strategies for their removal from the environment. Particularly, catalytic and photocatalytic degradation processes employing nanostructured materials based on metal oxides, mainly acting through the generation of reactive oxygen species, are widely explored to eradicate EDCs from water. In this review, we report the recent advances described by the major publications in recent years and focused on the degradation processes of several classes of EDCs, such as plastic components and additives, agricultural chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products, which were realized by using novel metal oxide-based nanomaterials. A variety of doped, hybrid, composite and heterostructured semiconductors were reported, whose performances are influenced by their chemical, structural as well as morphological features. Along with photocatalysis, alternative heterogeneous advanced oxidation processes are in development, and their combination may be a promising way toward industrial scale application.
Highlights
The growing anthropogenic impact of an exacerbated consumption of products in recent years has induced a continuous discharge into the environment of wastes and new substances which are increasingly harmful to public, animal, and environmental health
We report the recent advances described by the major publications in recent years and focused on the degradation processes of several classes of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDCs), such as plastic components and additives, agricultural chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products, which were realized by using novel metal oxide-based nanomaterials
The chemical investigation revealed that th1e6aocfti5v2e species h+, O2−, and OH coexisted during the photocatalytic reaction process, and that h+ exerted the main role in the destruction of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) species (Figure 8)
Summary
The growing anthropogenic impact of an exacerbated consumption of products in recent years has induced a continuous discharge into the environment of wastes and new substances which are increasingly harmful to public, animal, and environmental health. The growing design of novel nano-catalysts, nano-structured catalytic membranes, and/or nano-sorbents with enhanced efficiency for contaminants removal is a hopeful strategy to contribute solving the worldwide hazardous problem of EDCs water pollution [1,12–15] In this context, an updated overview on the recently designed (photo)catalytic metaloxide nanomaterials with highest performances in the EDCs removal appears a useful tool for the scientific community to strategically direct the academic and technological research activities in this field. Catalysts 2022, 12, 289 toxic-free environment should be achieved, where chemicals are produced and used in a way that maximizes their contribution to society, while minimizing harm to the planet and current and future generations On these bases, a growing attention is addresse3dotfo reduce the harmful EDCs impact on the environment and public health, defining strategic approaches to realize their removal which is fundamental, together with the rediumctpiaocnt oofntthheeireunsveir, otonmpuenrstuaenadnpeunbvliicrohnemalethn,tathl usus sdteafiinnainbiglistytr.ategic approaches to realize their removal which is fundamental, together with the reduction of their use, to pursue an 2.e2n.vMiraoinnmNeantutarlalsuanstdaSinyanbthileittyic.
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