Xenobiotics in the aquatic environment of the area of Thessaloniki, Northern Greece

Abstract

Event Abstract Back to Event Xenobiotics in the aquatic environment of the area of Thessaloniki, Northern Greece Dimitra Voutsa1* 1 Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Chemistry Department, Greece Introduction. In the Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC environmental objectives for the proper quality of inland, surface, transitional, coastal and ground waters have been set. Member states are required to identify chemical pollutants of significance in the water bodies, to establish emission control measures and to achieve quality standards. A specific category of pollutants are the compounds that may possess endocrine related functions known as endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). This means that member states have the obligation to take action in order to prevent human exposure to these compounds via aquatic environment. The objective of this research was to study the occurrence and distribution of phenolic and steroid EDCs in coastal area of Thermaikos Gulf, Thessaloniki, Northern Greece. Methods. Samples were collected from representatives sites of Thermaikos Gulf, from rivers, streams, municipal and industrial wastewaters discharged into the gulf. The target EDCs were recovered by solid phase extraction and ultrasonic extraction from the dissolved phase and particulate phase, respectively and determined by employing gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Results. Results revealed the presence of phenolic EDCs in all water and wastewater samples. Seawater exhibited relatively low concentrations of EDCs. Rivers exhibited higher concentrations of EDCs; similar to minimally impacted surface waters worldwide. The concentrations of nonylphenol and octylphenol occasionally exceeded the environmental criteria proposed for inland waters. High concentrations of EDCs were determined in streams, urban and industrial wastewater. The occurrence of EDCs in inland waters and wastewaters discharged to Thermaikos Gulf results in an increased risk to the marine environment. Conclusion. These systems should be regularly monitored, especially for NP, OP and BPA that are considered as priority hazardous compounds in the Water Framework Directive.