Abstract
Covalent bonding of organic functional groups to the sp2 carbon lattice can produce tunable sp3 quantum defects that fluoresce brightly in the second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm). Such synthetic defects, or ‘organic color centers’ (OCCs), provide a molecular focal point that sensitively and selectively responds to the local dielectric environments. To benefit from the unique electronic and optical properties of OCCs in biomedical applications, we present a new method that controls the biological interactions/biocompatibility of OCC-based nanosensors via their supramolecular interactions with polymers and other excipients. The resultig OCC-based nanosensor measures endolysosomal pH in live cells and in vivo. We discuss the utility of the nanosensor to real-time monitor the pharmacodynamics of anticancer drugs in solid tumors.
Published Version
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