Abstract

Hexagonal wurtzite InN nanowires are grown via a vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) mechanismwith an Au catalyst. Microstructure characterizations of a large number of nanowiresdemonstrate that the growth direction of InN nanowires is governed by variableNH3 flux. InNnanowires at a NH3 flux of 10 standard cubic centimeters per minute (sccm) grow preferentially in a hexagonalclose-packed (hcp) direction, while those at 100 sccmNH3 flux favorthe hcp ⟨0001⟩ direction. A free energy minimization model is proposed to interpret this phenomenon.The first-principles calculations reveal that the oriented nucleus has the lowest energy at the lowerNH3 flux. In contrast,when NH3 fluxis high, the ⟨0001⟩ oriented nucleus has the lowest energy.

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