Rapid Voltammetric Screening Method for the Assessment of Bioflavonoid Content Using the Disposable Bare Pencil Graphite Electrode

Iulia Gabriela David,Nimet Numan,Simona Carmen Lițescu,Sorin Riga,Adela Magdalena Ciobanu,Mihaela Buleandră,Dana-Elena Popa

doi:10.3390/chemosensors9110323

Abstract

Hesperidin (HESP) is a plant bioflavonoid found in various nutritional and medicinal products. Many of its multiple health benefits rely on the compound’s antioxidant ability, which is due to the presence of oxidizable hydroxyl groups in its structure. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the electrochemical behavior of HESP at a cheap, disposable pencil graphite electrode (PGE) in order to develop rapid and simple voltammetric methods for its quantification. Cyclic voltammetric investigations emphasized a complex electrochemical behavior of HESP. The influence of the electrode material, solution stability, supporting electrolyte pH, and nature were examined. HESP main irreversible, diffusion-controlled oxidation signal obtained at H type PGE in Britton Robinson buffer pH 1.81 was exploited for the development of a differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) quantitative analysis method. The quasi-reversible, adsorption-controlled reduction peak was used for HESP quantification by differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetry (DPAdSV). The linear ranges of DPV and DPAdSV were 1.00 × 10−7–1.20 × 10−5 and 5.00 × 10−8–1.00 × 10−6 mol/L with detection limits of 8.58 × 10−8 and 1.90 × 10−8 mol/L HESP, respectively. The DPV method was applied for the assessment of dietary supplements bioflavonoid content, expressed as mg HESP.

Highlights

IntroductionHesperidin (HESP), 30 , 5, 7-trihydroxy-40 methoxyflavanone-7-rutinoside, (Figure 1)is a bioflavonoid (glycosidic flavanone) abundant (mainly in the peal and white part) in Citrus species (Rutaceae family) like the common orange, lemon, etc., but it can be found in other different plants, including peppermint [1]
Hesperidin (HESP), 30, 5, 7-trihydroxy-40 methoxyflavanone-7-rutinoside, (Figure 1)is a bioflavonoid abundant in Citrus species (Rutaceae family) like the common orange, lemon, etc., but it can be found in other different plants, including peppermint [1]
DP voltammograms were recorded for HESP in Britton Robinson buffer (BRB) pH 1.81 at the commonly used solid electrodes, glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and Pt, as well as at the cost-effective, disposable pencil graphite electrode (PGE) using graphite leads of different hardness (2H, H, HB, B, and 2B) from the same manufacturer (Figure 2)

Summary

Introduction

Hesperidin (HESP), 30 , 5, 7-trihydroxy-40 methoxyflavanone-7-rutinoside, (Figure 1)is a bioflavonoid (glycosidic flavanone) abundant (mainly in the peal and white part) in Citrus species (Rutaceae family) like the common orange, lemon, etc., but it can be found in other different plants, including peppermint [1]. Hesperidin (HESP), 30 , 5, 7-trihydroxy-40 methoxyflavanone-7-rutinoside, (Figure 1). HESP administration decreases the capillaries permeability and increases their resistance, being benefic in blood vessel disorders such as hemorrhoids, varicose veins [5], oedema, hemorrhage, pleurisy, Henoch-Schönlein purpura, and tuberculosis [3]. Chemosensors 2021, 9, x FOR PEER REVIEW. Chemosensors 2021, 9, 323 blood vessel disorders such as hemorrhoids, varicose veins [5], oedema, hemorrhage, pleurisy, Henoch-Schönlein purpura, and tuberculosis [3]. It is largely employed employed as as aa treatment treatment in in aa variety variety of of cardio-vascular cardio-vascular diseases diseases[6].

Methods

Results

Conclusion