Rapeseed oil fortified with micronutrients reduces atherosclerosis risk factors in rats fed a high-fat diet

Jiqu Xu,Qingde Huang,Qianchun Deng,Xiaoqi Zhou,Jin'E Yang,Fenghong Huang

doi:10.1186/1476-511x-10-96

Abstract

BackgroundMicronutrients polyphenols, tocopherols and phytosterols in rapeseed exert potential benefit to cardiovascular system, but most of these micronutrients are removed by the refining process. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of rapeseed oil fortified with these micronutrients on the atherosclerosis risk factors in rats fed a high-fat diet.MethodsThe rodent diet contained 20% fat whose source was refined rapeseed oil (RRO) or fortified refined rapeseed oil with low, middle and high quantities of these micronutrients (L-, M- and H-FRRO). Forty male SD rats were divided into four groups. One group received RRO diet and other groups received L-, M- and H-FRRO diet for 10 weeks.ResultsMicronutrients supplementation significantly increased plasma antioxidant defense capacities, as evaluated by the significant elevation in the activities of GPx, CAT and SOD as well as the level of GSH, and the significant decline in lipid peroxidation. These micronutrients also reduced the plasma contents of TG, TC and LDL-C and increased the ratio of HDL-C/LDL-C. In addition, in parallel with the enhancement of these micronutrients, plasma levels of IL-6 and CRP declined remarkably.ConclusionRapeseed oil fortified with micronutrients polyphenols, tocopherols and phytosterols may contribute to prevent atherogenesis by ameliorating plasma oxidative stress, lipid profile and inflammation.

Highlights

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the largest cause of premature death in most developed and developing countries and it is an increasingly important source of disability and contributes in large part to the escalating costs of health care
A lot of studies have shown that rapeseed oil can reduce serum total cholesterol (TC) and/or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) when fed in place of saturated fatty acids [6,7,8], which means that rapeseed oil possesses significant health benefits in reducing atherosclerosis risk
Plasma antioxidative capacity and lipid peroxidation As can be seen in Figure 1 and 2, significant increases in the activities of plasma antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and CAT in M- and H-fortified refined rapeseed oil (FRRO) groups and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in H-FRRO group were observed when compared with the refined rapeseed oil (RRO) group

Summary

Introduction

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the largest cause of premature death in most developed and developing countries and it is an increasingly important source of disability and contributes in large part to the escalating costs of health care. Rapeseed oil is one of the major and cheapest vegetable oils for human diet in china and many other countries This kind of plant oil has the lowest concentration of saturated fatty acids in all commonly consumed oils and high level of monounsaturated fatty acids [4]. In addition to triacylglycerols, rapeseed oil contains many micronutrients such as tocopherols, phytosterols and phenolic compounds which have been reported to impart health benefits or desirable physiological effects. These micronutrients are the most important natural antioxidants which act as free radical scavengers or complexers of prooxidant metals, and the various bioavailable antioxidants present in rapeseed oil work in concert to upgrade the complex antioxidant network which increase antioxidant capacity higher than that provided by each separate compound [9,10,11]. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of rapeseed oil fortified with these micronutrients on the atherosclerosis risk factors in rats fed a high-fat diet

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