Radiological Imaging in Diagnosis and Management of Fungal Rhinosinusitis

Abstract

Fungal sinusitis has been increasing in number throughout the world off lately. The classification of fungal rhinosinusitis has evolved drastically. Broadly it is classified in two groups that is invasive fungal rhinosinusitis and non-invasive fungal rhinosinusitis. There are five subgroups to these. The invasive group comprises of acute invasive fungal sinusitis (AIFS), chronic invasive fungal sinusitis (CIFS), chronic granulomatous invasive fungal sinusitis (CGIFS) whereas the non-invasive group consists of fungal ball and allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS). These five subtypes have specific radiological and clinical features. The treatment strategies and prognoses for the subtypes are also different, and depends on their characteristics features. It is important to understand the different types of fungal sinusitis and knowledge of their particular radiologic features are important for the clinician to use appropriate diagnostic techniques for confirmation. Relevant diagnosis and initiation of adequate therapy are essential to avoid any adverse consequence.