應用於Q-Band至W-Band CMOS直接注入鎖定除頻器之研究

Abstract

In high frequency communication system products, radio frequency transceiver front-end is a very important part. A frequency synthesizer that provides local oscillated signal is a critical building block in the transceiver front-end. The frequency dividers studied in this thesis are often applied to the frequency synthesizer. Recently, the operating frequency becomes high in wireless communication systems. Hence, the frequency divider must be designed in high frequency and also has low power consumption requisition. In this thesis, three divisor architectures of frequency divider used for Q-band to W-band application are designed and implemented. First, we introduce the divide-by-two tail injection-locked frequency dividers (ILFDs) using a shunt-peaking CMOS IILFD topology which was implemented in TSMC 0.13 um process technology. The microstrip lines were used as inductors to design the circuits suitable for the IEEE 802.15.3C WPAN standard. This ILFD has -60dBm excellent sensitivity, the maximum operating frequency of 64.8-GHz and operation locking range of 10.2 GHz. Next, we introduce two divide-by-three parallel-injection locked frequency divider for Q-band and V-band application. The divide-by-three injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD3) use differential NMOS-only switch and cross-coupled pair resonant circuit to finish the ILFD3 circuit. The varactor tuning of the ILFD3 can improve locking range and implement in TSMC 0.13 um process technology. The Q-band ILFD3 has the maximum operating frequency of 41.4948-GHz and operation locking range of 4.14-GHz. The V-band ILFD3 has the maximum operating frequency of 64.4985-GHz and operation locking range of 3.8-GHz. Finally, we introduce two divide-by-four ILFD (ILFD4) using tunable LC source -degeneration technique. The tunable LC source-degeneration technique applied to the classical direct ILFD can increase locking range. The first ILFD using TSMC 0.18 um process technology has the maximum operating frequency of 39.7816 GHz and the locking range of 5.9232 GHz. Moreover, the second ILFD using TSMC 90 nm technology has the wider locking range of 13.498GHz, i.e. 67.2824GHz-80.7804GHz and the power consumption is only 2.88 mW.