Abstract
In mechatronic modules, the use of a vector control system for asynchronous motors includes the need to use an additional computing unit. This block is responsible for estimating the current angular position of the rotor flux coupling vector. This process is based on solving a system of differential equations that correspond to the mathematical model of the engine. To implement an effective vector control system for AC drives, high-performance microcontrollers with a rich range of integrated peripherals are required. These devices must require minimal computing resources from the central processor for their normal operation. Modern advances in the development of processors for signal processing, such as DSP processors from companies such as INTEL, TEXAS INSTRUMENTS, ANALOG DEVICES and others, allow to ensure high performance and a wide functional range. A special role is played by universal generators of periodic signals, which ensure the use of modern inverter control algorithms, in particular algorithms of vector pulse width modulation. One of the main advantages of vector control of asynchronous motors is the absence of disadvantages of voltage amplitude regulation, as well as high speed and good output voltage or current shape (which approaches sinusoidal with pulse width modulation). It is also worth noting the significant simplification of the rectifier, which can be uncontrolled, which helps to increase the power factor of the converter in the entire range of voltage regulation. However, it is important to note some disadvantages of this approach, including the complexity of the inverter circuit and control system, as well as increased losses in the power elements of the inverter due to the high switching frequency of the switches. Despite these shortcomings, vector control is widely used in high-speed positional electric drives of production mechanisms and machines, as well as in drives of complex technical systems with deep speed regulation in the area of "small" movements.
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