PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF THE DISCOURSE’S ACTUALIZATION

Abstract

In this article there were proposed psychological factors of the discourse’s actualization. They are, first of all, psycholinguistic presupposition in the process of communication, quasi- communication or understanding the text is a special kind of logical mastering of information, cognitive explication of frames by means of actualization of a common fund of knowledge of participants in communication about the world, its organization, the place of a person in it and others. Psycho-linguistic presupposition in a case of human implementation of communication or quasi- communication in the cross-cultural environment is characterized by common experience, a common thesaurus, updating of common preliminary information about a certain phenomenon, event, state of affairs, etc., which communicants have. Thanks to psycholinguistic presupposition, discourse creates a zone of intersection of cognitive spaces of communication of participants, which are also narrow from the point of view of their expanding into the process of communication or quasi-communication. It was shown that in the Internet communication psycho-linguistic presuppositions are cognitive in their content. The existence of all possible presuppositions of the person forms its outlook, makes it possible for a broader communicative space. The absence of joint presuppositions makes it impossible for people to understand each other, makes their communication more and more difficult. In this case, on the contrary, people who have joint pressupositions without any complication understand the information, which for representatives of other linguistic culture may seem completely “opaque”, difficult for understanding. Consequently, psycholinguistic presupposition in the process of communication or quasi-communication is an implicit component of the meaning of the message (statement) that is real, therefore, this message (statement) can not, in general, be perceived as semantically abnormal one or inappropriate in a certain area of communication or quasi-communication. The second factor was psycholinguistic semantic presuppositions. We analyzed it as a certain semantic component of the message (statement, judgment), the inaccuracy of which in a particular situation makes the message abnormal or inappropriate. We proved, that in the space of communication or quasi-communication there were actualized pragmatic psycho-linguistically marked presupposition, which were a component of the message, the speech genre, and discourse (or a text), were directly related to subjective factors of communication (orientation in different situations of communication or quasi-communication, actualization of social, cognitive, gender, etc., characteristics of people in one communicative act), the absence of which converted a message, speech genre, discourse (or a text), communication in general into inappropriate – such as insincere, unnatural, provocative, that did not conceal positive conditions, which made a success in a whole.