Abstract

2003년 충북 괴산의 양앵두나무(Prunus avium L.) 재배 포장에서 궤양병 증상이 관찰되었다. 궤양병 증상은 이른 봄에 병든 나무의 주지나 어린 가지 부위가 적갈색으로 마르면서 껍질이 쪼개지고 세균유출액이 흘러 나왔다. 잎에는 갈색 수침상 병반이 나타나고 심하게 감염된 나무의 주지 또는 어린 가지에는 낙엽이 졌다. 궤양병 증상이 심한 주지를 잘라 보면 목질부의 조직들이 파괴되어 불규칙하게 적갈색으로 변색된 전형적인 궤양병 증상이 관찰되었다. 병환부로부터 병원세균을 분리하여 형태적 특성 및 생리<TEX>${\cdot}$</TEX>화학적 특성을 조사한 결과 Pseudomonas syringae pv. morsprunorum으로 동정되었다. 병원세균은 양앵두나무와 매실나무의 잎에 병원성을 나타내었지만 복숭아나무, 벚나무와 참다래나무의 잎에는 병원성을 나타내지 않았다. 따라서 P.syringae pv. morsprunorum에 의해 양앵두나무에 발생하는 이 병은 궤양병으로 명명할 것을 제안한다. Bacterial canker of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) was observed in farmers\' orchards in Goesan, Chungbuk in 2003. Typical canker symptoms occurred on the branches or twigs of sweet cherry in early spring and bacterial exudates oozed out of the cracked barks of diseased trees. Watersoaked brown symptoms appeared on the leaves and severe infection caused thorough defoliation on the branches or twigs of sweet cherry. When severely infected branches or twigs were cut, irregular and rusty-colored symptoms in sapwood and heartwood were clearly found, indicating that they can serve as specific symptoms of bacterial canker of sweet cherry. The causal bacterium responsible for the symptoms was isolated purely from the infected sapwood of sweet cherry. Based on its morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, the causal bacterium was identified as Pseudomonas syringae pv. morsprunorum. The bacterium was pathogenic on sweet cherry and Japanese apricot, but not on peach, cherry, and kiwifruit. It is proposed that the disease be named as bacterial canker of sweet cherry.

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