Abstract
Background: Whole grains serve as a preferred carbohydrate source in a modern Indian diet to achieve a balance of macronutrients, micronutrients, fibers and phytochemicals for optimal health promotion and prevent chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and obesity. The five most common ancient grains that have the potential to be used more in Indian cooking are amaranth, barley, pearl millet, finger millet and sorghum. These grains have higher fiber and protein content. Methods: The study was conducted to investigate chemical composition, sugar content, in vitro protein and starch digestibility and antinutrient content of pearl millet, sorghum and mung bean. Effect of blanching and germination on chemical composition of pearl millet and mung bean, respectively were determined. Conclusion: The results of proximate composition of grains revealed that germinated mung bean had significantly highest amount of protein, total soluble sugar, non reducing sugar content, in vitro protein digestibility. Sorghum had significantly higher content of total carbohydrate, reducing sugar, starch and in vitro starch digestibility. Crude fat, phytic acid and polyphenol were highest in unprocessed pearl millet. Germination and blanching of seeds cause the significant reduction in anti-nutrient content of mung bean and pearl millet, respectively.
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