Protection of the person’s reproductive rights in Ukraine and in the European countries

Abstract

Reproductive rights reference to related human rights and freedoms goes to a basic right - the right to life and the continuation of the human race. They are based on the recognition of the fundamental rights of individuals and couples who independently decide the number, time intervals and possible ways of having children. Reproductive rights involve making procreative decisions in a non-discriminatory manner without interference from society, the state or any other subjects. The evolution of reproductive rights shows that at the initial stage of development it was important to identify and specify the scope and content of the basic right related to the parents' decision regarding the planned number of children and the time intervals between their births. This is a fundamental right that relates to making a decision about one's own fertility, so such rights can be defined as paternity and maternity rights.
 Reproductive rights can also be perceived as a special type of freedom associated with the possibility of self-determination and the right of a given person to control all aspects of his/her health. For this reason, it is important to ensure the implementation of reproductive rights without violence and coercion. In this context, the state needs to create the national mechanisms to effectively combat forms of sexual violence, including domestic violence, sexual exploitation of women and girls, sexual slavery and exploitation, forced prostitution and sexual harassment, trafficking in women and children. Violence should not be justified by moral, cultural or religious considerations. Reproductive decisions should be made without discrimination. The possibility of free exercise of reproductive rights is especially important for women for the growth of their role in the economic and political life of society and the state. In this regard, a woman's ability to independently make decisions regarding the disposal of her own body, the birth of children or not is evaluated as a basis for the exercise of other rights by women.