Prooxidant-antioxidant balance in the organism of bulls (young cattle) after using cadmium load

B Gutyj,A Kaplaushenko,I Turko,Y Hachak,Y Lavryshyn,A Shcherbatyy,V Parchenko,I Bushueva,L Darmohray,O Krushelnytska,V Stybel

doi:10.15421/2017_165

Abstract

<p>The results of studies of the effect of Cadmium influence on the state of the enzyme and nonenzyme system of antioxidant protection of young cattle organism, namely on the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, level of reduced glutathione, Selenium, vitamins A and E. It was determined that the feeding of young bulls with cadmium chloride in a dose of 0.04 mg / kg of body weight contributed to a decrease both, enzyme and non enzyme level of the system of antioxidant protection (superoxide dismutase by 22%, catalase - by 12%, renewed glutathione by 11%, glutathione peroxidase by 22 %, Selenium - by 18%, vitamin A - by 23%, vitamin E - by 27%,). The lowest level of the antioxidant protection system in the blood of young cattle was set at the sixteenth and twenty-fourth day of the experiment, which is due to the increased activation of lipoperoxidation processes and a disturbance of the balance between the activity of the antioxidant system and the intensity of peroxidation of lipids. The toxic effect of Cadmium contributes to the change in the stationary concentrations of the radical metabolites O2, ˙OH, NO2, which, in their turn, initiate the processes of peroxide oxidation of lipids, indicating an increase in the level of diene conjugates and malonic dialdehyde. The highest level of intermediate and final products of peroxid oxidation of lipids in the blood of young cattle was determined on the thirtieth day of the experiment, while comparing with the control group, they increased by 31 and 27%, respectively.</p>

Highlights

The pollution of environment that is caused by cadmium and its negative impact on animals’ organism, especially young cattle, is considered to be an acute problem to study (Gutij, 2013)
The research was made on ten calves that were six months old, Ukrainian black and white dairy breed, were formed into two groups of five animals each: Group 1- control (C), the bulls were on the standard diet; Group 2 – experimental (E), calves were fed with food that had a dose of 00,4 mg of cadmium chloride per kg of animals’ body weight; The essential rules were followed when the research was conducted, they were required in order to implement zootechnical experiments, selection and maintenance of similar animals in unique groups, the technology of procurement, use and accounting the consumed forage
The initial stage of free radical oxidation is controlled by enzyme superoxide dismutase, which neutralizes superoxide radical and reduces the overall toxic effects of reactive oxygen forms (Bielenichev et al, 2002; Vucic et al, 2006; Martyshuk et al, 2016; Khariv et al, 2016)

Summary

Introduction

The pollution of environment that is caused by cadmium and its negative impact on animals’ organism, especially young cattle, is considered to be an acute problem to study (Gutij, 2013). The Accumulation of heavy metals in the components of the natural environment, that has been already mentioned, increases the risk of supplies into the body and poses a growing problem for human and animal health (Antonio et al, 1998; El-Refaiy and Eissa, 2012; Peng et al, 2015) It negatively affects the efficiency of the livestock sector. The species differences in antioxidant defense system reaction to the action of metal, the peculiarities of enzymatic and non-enzymatic metabolic responses, their links to the continuous flow of Cd 2+ in low and high concentrations have not been studied but the following research is still relevant and essential. The purpose of research is to find out the impact of cadmium load on prooxidant -antioxidant balance of the young cattle’s organisms

Methods

Results

Conclusion