Productivity of spring wheat in various crop rotations under organo-mineral fertilizer in the conditions of the Left Bank Forest-Steppe

Abstract

Aim.The purpose of the research is to determine the influence of the structure, recruitment and placement of field crops in different crop rotations on the general productivity, yield and quality of spring wheat in particular. The study was carried out in the subzone of unstable moisture of the Left Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on typical low-humus chernozem of the Panfil Research Station of the NSC «IA NAAS». Methods.The technology of growing agricultural crops in the experiment is generally accepted and recommended for the research area. Chemical plant protection agents were used for the production of competitive marketable products of spring wheat. Results.The results of research conducted in a long-term stationary field experiment, which was established in 2001, on the study of crop rotations on typical chernozems of unstable moisture in the Left Bank Forest-Steppe, convincingly indicate that during the 2016–2020 research period, a 6-field crop rotation turned out to be the most rational in this subzone saturated with spring wheat by 16,7% (buckwheat – winter wheat – soybean – spring wheat – winter rye – spring barley) under the organo-mineral intensification system (predecessor by-products + N60P60K60).Conclusions. The grain yield of spring wheat, which was grown after soybeans, sunflower and winter triticale, as predecessors, with crop rotation saturation from 12,5% to 16,7% and the corresponding set of crop rotations, was in the range of: 4,43–5,14 t/ha, while the protein content in the grain was at the level of 11,5–13,1%. The economic efficiency of growing spring wheat in the structure of different rotational crop rotations is: conditionally net profit – 8,92–12,49 thousand UAH/ha at the level of profitability – 67–94%.