Productivity formation of pea varieties depending on growing conditions in the eastern forest-steppe of Ukraine

Abstract

Aim. Establish the influence of nutritional background on the productivity and grain quality of pea varieties in the conditions of the eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Results and Discussion Oplot, Tsarevych and Haiduk varieties yield did not differ significantly (2.18-2.21t/ha), the lowest (1.98t/ha) was established for Malakhite variety on unfertilized background under conditions of 2018-2021. The same trend was noted on the background of the main application of N30P30K30, when with an average yield of varieties was 2.59 t/ha, the difference was only 0.06-0.12t/ha, while for Malakhite it was significant smaller by 0.30 t/ha. The application of mineral fertilizers of N30P30K30 provided an increase in the productivity of the studied varieties an average by 0.45 t/ha or 21.0%. At the same time, Haiduk and Tsarevych varieties stood out, the increase in grain yield was 24.3% and 23.2%, respectively. Protein content in the grain of the varieties ranged 20.1%-20.6% in the variants without fertilizers and on the background of the main application of N30P30K30 was 19.9%-23.2% on average over the years of research. Regardless of the nutritional background, an increase in the productivity of pea varieties led to a decrease in grain protein content. The possibility of a simultaneous increase in yield and protein content in the grain for Haiduk variety on a fertilized background has been established. Conclusions. Thus, average over the 2018-2021, the highest level of yield was provided by Tsarevych and Haiduk varieties, which is associated with their higher responsiveness to fertilizers and, as a result, resistance to adverse weather conditions during the growing season.