УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ БІОЛОГІЗОВАНИХ АГРОПРИЙОМІВ ВИРОЩУВАННЯ ГОРОХУ В СТАЦІОНАРНІЙ СІВОЗМІНІ

Abstract

Our research aimed to determine the effect of Mikofriend and Mikohelp biologics and Humifriend biofertilizer on the yield and quality grain of Metsenat pea variety depending on the background of nutrition in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The expediency of seed treatment with biologics both separately and in combination with spraying of vegetative plants in the budding stage by Humifriend in doses of 0.4 and 0.5 l/ha under favourable growing conditions was established. It was found that regardless of the background of nutrition, treatment of seeds with combination of biologics and Maxim XL disinfectant (1.0 l/t) was ineffective, especially with insufficient level of soil moisture. On average for three years (2018–2020) against the background without fertilizers, a significant increase in the yield of pea grain (0.27–0.30 t/ha) was obtained in the variants with combination of seed treatment with Mikohelp and application of Humifriend in doses of 0.4 and 0.5 l/ha. The main application of N30P30K30 fertilizers in variants with biologics treatment of seed caused an increase in pea yield by 0.57–0.65 t/ha. At the same time, the increase in grain yield due to the use of the Humifriend (0.4 and 0.5 l/ha) was 0.22–0.28 and 0.16–0.22 t/ha, respectively. The increase in pea yield in the studied variants led to a decrease in grain protein content, this indicator on a fertilized background was 0.33–0.71 %. Over years of research, pre-sowing seed treatment with biologics and application of Humifriend in doses of 0.4 and 0.5 l/ha on a background without fertilizers led to an increase in protein harvest by 0.450–0.475 t/ha, which is by 5.8–13.4 % more than the control (without spraying). Against the background of the main application of N30P30K30, these indicators were significantly higher. The maximum protein harvest was obtained in the variants with seed treatment by Mikofriend and application of Humifriend in doses of 0.4 and 0.5 l/ha – 0.631 and 0.637 t/ha, respectively, which is 8.0–8.9 % more compared to control. The increase in gross protein harvest per area unit depended more on the level of pea yield than on the protein content of the grain. Key words: peas, nutrition background, seed treatment, crop spraying, biologics, biofertilizer, yield, grain quality, protein harvest.