Abstract
The installation for production of metal oxide nanopowders was created. The method involves evaporation of the target by a pulsed-electron beam, condensation of the vapors of the material in a low-pressure gas, and deposition of nanopowders on a cold large-area crystallizer. In a new installation, a higher-power electron gun with a hollow cathode, which ensures the formation of the current pulse of the electron beam with amplitude up to 1 A and a duration of 100 μs, and a crystallizer of a larger diameter (0.3 m) and length (0.5 m), which makes it possible to decrease the agglomeration, were used. The results of the evaporation of targets made of YSZ, CeGdOx, Zn-ZnO, Al2O3, and ZnO were presented. Room-temperature ferromagnetism has been observed in YSZ, Zn-ZnO, and Cu(Al)-doped Al2O3. The proposed method makes it possible to obtain nanopowders of oxides with a characteristic particle size of 3–5 nm and agglomerates consisting of them 20–600 nm in size, specific surfaces of up 338 m2/g, productivity of up to 12 g/h, and a specific power consumption ≥112 (W h)/g.
Highlights
Production of weak aggregated nanopowders (NPs) with the characteristic size in the field of less than 10 nm and narrow distribution of particles in the sizes remains is an actual problem, especially, for complex chemical compounds at high cleanliness of a received product
The synthesized YSZ powders had a large-specific surface and were agglomerated to complexes of 20 to 600 nm in size, which consisted of particles with a sufficiently narrow size distribution of about several nm (Figure 3)
X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) of the synthesized powder showed that the sample had two phases
Summary
Production of weak aggregated nanopowders (NPs) with the characteristic size in the field of less than 10 nm and narrow distribution of particles in the sizes remains is an actual problem, especially, for complex chemical compounds at high cleanliness of a received product. In work [9] the particles was poorly agglomerated and consumed energy was 200 W h/g for Al2O3 whereas in [10, 11] powders only in the form of agglomerates of particles were produced, and consumed energy have increased to 1000 [10] W h/g and more 4000 W h/g [11] These contradictions, desire to lower an energy expense and to investigate production possibilities of NPs with complex structures stimulated us to create the installation with a pulsed electron gun and to the beginning of experiments in this direction. The received experience has allowed us to create the modernized installation “Nanobeam-2” using which various NPs have been received and their properties were investigated
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