Problems of Expert Examination of Alteration Projects for Built-In Objects in Multistoried Residential Houses

Abstract

Summary. Background: Running of built-in objects in residential houses can significantly worsen living conditions due to adverse effects of various chemical and physical environmental factors. Yet, sanitary and epidemiological standardization in terms of placement of non-residential premises in residential buildings is not sufficiently regulated, which leads to numerous violations when commissioning non-residential premises in residential buildings. In this regard, the question arises about legal acts regulating design issues and ensuring sanitary and epidemiological well-being when placing non-residential objects in residential buildings and constituting the basis for sanitary and epidemiological expert examinations. Materials and methods: We analyzed regulatory acts setting sanitary and epidemiological requirements for living conditions, placement of public facilities in residential buildings, and alteration projects in residential buildings and examined the archive of public complaints. Results: We established the absence of federal regulations requiring mandatory sanitary and epidemiological expert examination of alteration projects for public facilities built into residential buildings. A significant part of issues related to ensuring sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population is determined by technical regulations on safety of buildings and structures rather than sanitary legislation. This is the reason why these regulations are included in the scope of accreditation of many inspection bodies of Rospotrebnadzor institutions. Executive authorities and customers of projects for placement of non-residential premises in residential buildings, assuming reconfiguration of built-in facilities, order a sanitary and epidemiological expert examination of alteration projects, rightly believing that elimination of nonconformities at the stage of a separate project will be the most cost-effective solution. Conclusion: It goes without saying that the most efficient solution that can help prevent deterioration of living conditions is a sanitary and epidemiological expert examination requiring amendments and additions to the current sanitary legislation on expediency of such an examination.