Problems of defining sanitary protection zones for existing water supply and water disposal enterprises

Abstract

The paper considers the first codification of enterprises according to hazard classes and the development of a classification showing the negative impact of enterprises on people. To protect people from production facilities negative impact sanitary protection zones (SPZ) are established for such enterprises. This paper describes how approaches to hazard classes of enterprises have changed over time. The procedure for establishing sanitary protection zones which is in force today is also described. This procedure can be applied to the establishment of the size of a sanitary protection zone for all types of enterprises, including water supply and wastewater disposal facilities. The researchers further examine issues arising from the establishment of sanitary protection zones of existing enterprises and objects of water supply and wastewater disposal located in historical building developments, concentrating on those locations where reconstruction or modernization is planned. it is specially stressed that reconstruction of sewage waste-disposal plants often causes considerable difficulties as the formal expert examination requires to provide a layout of an officially approved sanitary protection zone which is not possible in most cases because there are houses already located within the regulatory zone of these plants.