Abstract
Recent work on functionalized nanoparticles in biological media is reviewed. This field has substantially grown during the last decades, which is due to numerous possible applications of functionalized nanoparticles in diagnostics and therapy. This required to elaborate the fundamentals of synthesis and functionalization of nanoparticles of different materials, size, and shape. Functionalization is the key for their use in diagnostics and therapy, since specific probes and drugs need to be coupled to the nanoparticles without neglecting their impact on living organisms. Probing nanoparticles in biological media requires sensitive detection techniques. These are briefly presented besides approved therapies involving nanoparticles.
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