Abstract
Introduction: Primary pleural hydatidosis is a rare disease. It is defined as a hydatid cyst within or dependent of the pleural space that has not been produced by rupture from another location and/or does not appear simultaneously or is preceded by another cyst, liver or lung. Presentation of the Case: A 26-year-old woman, non-smoker, was taken to the emergency room for fever of 1 day of evolution, without other symptoms. No relevant medical history. Nasopharyngeal swab was performed for RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 RNA, which was negative. The chest radiograph without abnormalities. Chest CT showed a lobulated lesion in its anterior portion and smooth in its posterior part, adjacent to the 5th and 6th right vertebral bodies, respecting cortices, 42 mm × 16 mm, did not present reinforcement with contrast IV. The biopsy of the lesion was scheduled, the preoperative analyzes were normal. The histology showed, a hydatid cyst due to Echinococcus granulosus. Currently the patient is asymptomatic and has no recurrence. Discussion: Most of the case report present the individual importance of extrapulmonary-intrathoracic hydatidosis of pleural location in the analysis of the 100-year literature that we performed. It is important to consider the primary pleural hydatid cyst within the differential diagnoses of pulmonary cystic disease, especially in endemic areas of E. granulosus infection, and to take into account the wide clinical variability of its presentation. Conclusion: Extrathoracic intrapulmonary hydatidosis is uncommon, however, the pleura is the most common site, so the presence of a lesion should be evaluated.
Highlights
Primary pleural hydatidosis is a rare disease
For a long time Dévé et al and other authorities on hydatidosis considered that primary pleural hydatidosis was only the result of cysts that migrate or rupture through the diaphragm from the liver or bronchi into the pleura, in 2 percent and 8 percent, respectively; likewise, it was suggested that the only form of hydatid cysts in the pleural cavity was forming part of a compound of heterotopic disease that simultaneously affected 2 different organs, the cases presented by Finocchietto demonstrated the presence of primary pleural hydatidosis [6]
The location of the pleural cysts can be on the pulmonary fissures in 54.6% or properly immersed in the pleural space in 13.3%, they are more commonly found on the right side (41%) [8]. Before considering that it is a primary pleural hydatidosis, it is necessary to rule out the simultaneous location of hydatid cysts in another site, for example, the liver or the lung
Summary
Most of the case report present the individual importance of extrapul monary-intrathoracic hydatidosis of pleural location in the analysis of the 100-year literature that we performed. It is important to consider the primary pleural hydatid cyst within the differential diagnoses of pulmonary cystic disease, especially in endemic areas of E. granulosus infection, and to take into account the wide clinical variability of its presentation
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