Abstract
Objective: This study aims to analyze the prevalence of HIV positive serology in trans women sex workers, and the main problems associated. Methods: Scientific articles were found searching data platforms (PubMed, Virtual Health Library, Web of Science and Google Scholar) as much as much as epidemiological bulletins and statistical data from the Ministério da Saúde do Brasil (Ministry of Health) and UNAIDS were included. Results: Gender violence and gender inequality can contribute to the increased vulnerability of the transgender population to HIV. Globally, trans women are 50 times more likely to be infected with HIV, with seroprevalence in Brazil ranging from 16.9% to 65.3%. Studies point to prostitution as one of the main causes of seroconversion in trans women, especially between the ages of 18 and 24 years. Due to the immense marginalization, transsexual women have an evident difficulty in entering the labor market and accessing basic rights, such as health. These factors contribute to a greater vulnerability to HIV infection. Conclusion: The Ministry of Health needs to improve more incisively the prevention and assessment strategies of the risk levels of HIV transmission, without perpetuating gender violence, including by making it invisible, which contributes to maintaining the vulnerability of the professional transsexual population of sex.
Highlights
In 1981, in the United States, the first clinical and epidemiological observations of a new immunodeficiency were reported in four homosexual men aged between 29 and 33 years old, who developed a rare and severe form of cancer, called Kaposi's Sarcoma, with respiratory manifestations, known as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia [1]
Evidences shows that the group of transgender women and transvestites is the most affected, with prevalence ranging from 16.9% to 65.3%, considering different studies in different states. [10, 11] A meta-analysis situations that lead to sex without a condom, study carried out in 10 countries showed us such as rape, extra payment for unprotected sex that trans women are 50 times more likely to be or the feeling of security and trust with stable infected with HIV than other adults of partners, [17] as well as the frequent practice of reproductive age, due to adverse social, anal sex, which is a high risk factor for HIV
[21] Between 2010 and 2020 there was a decrease of AIDS cases in Brazil, there is underreporting of cases in the Notifiable Diseases Information System [SINAN] due to the lack of the total number of cases and the specification of behaviors and vulnerabilities, compromising to affirm gender was only recently evaluated. [25]
Summary
In 1981, in the United States, the first clinical and epidemiological observations of a new immunodeficiency were reported in four homosexual men aged between 29 and 33 years old, who developed a rare and severe form of cancer, called Kaposi's Sarcoma, with respiratory manifestations, known as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia [1]. The etiologic agent of AIDS is the human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] [4]. Medicine has linked HIV with certain risk groups, such as homosexual men, drug users and individuals with multiple sexual partners [5]. Articles published from 2011 onwards, in English, Spanish and Portuguese, evidencing Brazil in the study were included. The following were filtered: review articles, letters to the editor, theses, dissertations, monographs, abstracts published in congress proceedings, articles with free access unavailable in the chosen databases, book chapters and studies that do not include data from Brazil. As for secondary data, studies and bulletins published by the UNAIDS and the Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde [Health Surveillance] of the Ministério da Saúde do Brasil were evaluated.
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