Abstract
Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia is a condition in which autoantibodies present against self erythrocytes which leads to severe haemolysis and loss of haemoglobin. In the present study we compared the electrophoretic band patterns between control and autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and non autoimmune iron deficiency anaemia erythrocyte lysate samples. We observed the presence of a band which was specific to autoimmune haemolytic erythrocyte lysates in the region of 70 Kd which was later identified as albumin and was distinctly absent in control as well as iron deficiency non autoimmune haemolytic samples. In addition, we have noticed that the catalase in the region of 60 Kd was found to be decreased in its band intensity in haemolytic anaemia samples compared to control. The presence of both albumin and catalase in the respective positions in the electrophoretic gel was confirmed by in gel trypsin digestion followed by mass spectrometry. The other erythrocyte proteins visible in the region of 25 Kd were found to have an overall decrease in band intensity in haemolytic anaemia samples compared to control. The specific presence of albumin in autoimmune haemolytic erythrocyte lysate is the main highlight of the work which was not reported till date and further studies could reveal the exact role of albumin in autoimmune haemolytic conditions.
 Key words: Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, erythrocytes, electrophoresis, albumin, catalase
Highlights
Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) occurs when the immune system has antibodies that attack the erythrocytes which causes a decline in the number of red blood cells, leading to haemolytic anaemia
The laboratory diagnosis of AIHA depends on result of direct antiglobulin test which shows positivity with anti Immunoglobulin G (IgG), which is referred as Direct Coombs test (DCT)
In the present study we aimed to study the difference in erythrocyte proteins between control and haemolytic anaemia by SDS-PAGE
Summary
Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) occurs when the immune system has antibodies that attack the erythrocytes which causes a decline in the number of red blood cells, leading to haemolytic anaemia. The laboratory diagnosis of AIHA depends on result of direct antiglobulin test which shows positivity with anti IgG, which is referred as Direct Coombs test (DCT). These antibodies are usually IgG which are capable of fixing complement, and are detected by Coombs test. The direct antiglobulin Coombs test is based on specific antibody to IgG and C3d, the third component of complement. Erythrocyte destruction may occur by a direct lysis through the sequential activation of the final components of the complement cascade which are mediated by membrane attack complex or antibody dependent cell mediated toxicity [10].Approximately 7 to 8 % of AIHA have serological findings characteristics of warm AIHA. The warm and cold type are classified based on the thermal optimum used to detect anti erythrocyte antibody [11]
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