Pre/Post-Plasmid Profile Analysis, Killing- Kinetics and Secondary Metabolites Screening Of Ademopus Breviflorus (Benth) Or (Lagenaria Breviflora Roberty) Against Multiple Drug Resistant Isolates Using Staphylococcus Aureus as a Case Study

Abstract

This research work was designed to evaluate the pre-plasmid and post-plasmid, killing kinetics assay and secondary metabolites analysis of Adenopus breviflorus (Benth) (Lagenaria breviflora roberty) against multiple drug resistant isolates using Staphylococcus aureus as a case study. Multiple drug resistant isolates were subjected to antibacterial susceptibility testing before plasmid curing and Staphylococcus aureus was used as a case study after plasmid curing using Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate intercalating dye following previously determined standard procedures. Antibacterial susceptibility testing of the bacterial isolates was carried out with ethanol extract of Adenopus breviflora (Benth) using agar diffusion techniques as the standard procedures. The agar diffusion was used to test the antibacterial potentials of the extract at different concentrations of 100mg/ml, 50mg/ml, 25mg/ ml and 12.5mg/ml. The extracts were tested against three (3) Gram positive and seven (7) Gram negative bacteria. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MICs) and Minimum bactericidal Concentration (MBCs) were determined and MIC and MBC values of 12.5 to 25 mcg/ ml and 23 to 50mcg/ml respectively was recorded and the time-kill kinetics profile of multiple drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus treated with different concentration of ethanolic extract of Adenopus breviflorus (Benth) in different time ranges showed reduction in number of viable cells. The qualitative and quantitative secondary metabolites screening of Adenopus breviflorus (Benth) whole fruit ethanol extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, tannins, steroids, saponins, tannins, anthraquin, pyrrolidizine alkaloid and reducing sugars as well as the value of each secondary metabolites in quantity while the presence of the volatile oil was not determined. These compounds are responsible for this broad antibacterial activity. Keywords: Pre-Plasmid; Post-Plasmid Profile Analysis; Killing- Kinetics; Secondary Metabolites Screening; Adenopus breviflorus (Benth); Lagenaria Breviflora Roberty; Multiple Drug Resistant Isolates; Staphylococcus aureus(MDRSA)