Abstract
TiO2/g-C3N4/PVDF composite membranes were prepared by a phase inversion method. A comparison of the performance and morphology was carried out among pure PVDF, g-C3N4/PVDF, TiO2/PVDF and TiO2/g-C3N4/PVDF composite membranes. The results of permeability and instrumental analysis indicated that TiO2 and g-C3N4 organic-inorganic composites obviously changed the performance and structure of the PVDF membranes. The porosity and water content of 0.75TiO2/0.25g-C3N4/PVDF composite membranes were 97.3 and 188.3 L/(m2·h), respectively. The porosity and water content of the 0.75TiO2/0.25g-C3N4 membranes were increased by 20.8% and 27.4%, respectively, compared with that of pure PVDF membranes. This suggested that the combination of organic-inorganic composite with PVDF could remarkably improve UTS, membrane porosity and water content.
Highlights
The research on membranes has aroused great interest due to their wide applications in environmental protection, chemical purification, electrolytes, substrates, coatings, etc. [1,2,3,4,5,6]
We propose a facial approach for obtaining TiO2 /g-C3 N4 /PVDF composite membranes by a phase inversion method
The obtained samples were denoted as xTiO2 /yg-C3 N4 /PVDF membrane, where x and y refer to the mass ratio of TiO2 and g-C3 N4
Summary
The research on membranes has aroused great interest due to their wide applications in environmental protection, chemical purification, electrolytes, substrates, coatings, etc. [1,2,3,4,5,6]. A variety of strategies have been employed to fabricate hydrophilic PVDF membranes, including coating [17], adsorption [18], plasma treatment [19], blending [20] and surface grafting polymerization [21]. From among the polymeric chains, surface-modified macromolecules have been used as additives in the membrane matrix for anti-fouling applications [26,27,28]. This has been an effective strategy for enhancing anti-fouling properties by mitigating membrane fouling. Coating a thin film and grafting polymer chains on the surface of the membrane have been two typical approaches in previous research [29]. The effects of organic-inorganic composites on the performance and structure of the PVDF membrane are investigated
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