Preliminary Experience With the Use of Acellular Collagen Matrix in Redo Surgery for Urethrocutaneous Fistula

Abstract

To show that splinting of the urethral repair with acellular collagen matrix is a safe and useful adjunct in the procedure to manage complex urethrocutaneous fistula. Urethrocutaneous fistula is one of the most common complications of hypospadias surgery. Management of persistent urethrocutaneous fistula is challenging because it is complicated by a lack of or poor quality of tissues at the site of repair. Between 2006 and 2011, 12 boys underwent urethrocutaneous fistula repair (10) or redo urethroplasty (2) using acellular collagen matrix by a single surgeon. Mean age was 6.8 years (range 3.1-14.8); median follow-up was 2.5 years (range 0.4-3.8). Urethrocutaneous fistula was closed and acellular collagen matrix was used as a splint. All the patients were assessed by an independent observer; all boys were successfully treated with no further recurrence of fistula. On palpation, the previous site of the acellular collagen matrix implant was soft and subtle, revealing healthy underlying tissues. Cosmetic outcome was excellent in all patients, with no signs of scarring or tethering. All patients had a single good urinary stream. Uroflows were within normal range of age-matched standardized nomograms with nonobstructive bell-shaped curves. One boy had late wound infection, which healed with debridement, but had no recurrence of fistula. Splinting of the urethral repair with acellular collagen matrix in redo surgery is safe and is a useful adjunct that effectively prevents further recurrence of complications such as urethrocutaneous fistula.