Abstract
Simulated body fluid (SBF) solutions are widely used for in vitro bioactivity tests and to coat bioinert materials with biomimetic calcium phosphates. In this study, a SBF solution was used to precipitate hydroxy carbonated apatite (HCA) with a general formula Ca 10− x (HPO 4) x − y (CO 3) y (PO 4) 6− x (OH) 2− x on a bioactive titanium surface. X-ray diffraction (XRD) as well as cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses revealed that the biomimetically derived crystallites show a preferred growth orientation in direction of their c-axis and perpendicular to the surface of the bioactive substrate. This growth behaviour as well as the measured crystal dimensions ranging from 5×10×20 to 5×20×100 nm are very similar to that found in the mineral part of mammalian bone, where the c-axes of plate-shaped apatite crystals are well aligned with the long axes of the collagen fibrils.
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