Predictive validity of the Jackson–Cubbin scale for pressure ulcers in intensive care unit patients: A meta‐analysis

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundThe intensive care unit has a much higher pressure ulcers incidence than general wards. Predicting and eliminating the risk of pressure ulcer development is thus of utmost importance in health care, including clinical nursing practice.AimThe meta‐analysis aimed to examine the predictive validity of the Jackson–Cubbin Scale.MethodsThis study is a systematic literature review and meta‐analysis. Research articles published in periodicals indexed targeted the critical care patients and offered sufficient data(true‐positive, false‐positive, true‐negative and false‐negative results) in the EBSCO, PubMed, Ovid, Web of Science and Cochrane databases, as well as those from two journals indexed in a Chinese database (Wangfang Data and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) were reviewed. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses were used; the internal validity of the diagnostic studies was analysed using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios were counted by STATA 15.0.ResultsNine diagnostic studies with high methodological quality, involving a total of 7684 patients, were retrieved and assessed. This meta‐analysis showed that the pooled sensitivity, specificity and area under the symmetric summary receiver operating characteristic curve of the Jackson–Cubbin Scale were 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.58–0.88), 0.76 (95% CI, 0.51–0.95) and 0.84 (95% CI, 0.81–0.87), respectively.ConclusionsThe study suggests that the Jackson–Cubbin Scale has a moderate level of predictive validity. Moreover, Jackson–Cubbin's predictive validity could be increased if it was implemented differently based on the attributes of the research participants.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe Jackson–Cubbin Scale has a moderate level of predictive validity with good sensitivity and specificity for the determination of the risk of PUs in adult ICU patients. Bedside nurses could use the Jackson–Cubbin scale for dailly assesment for ICU patients.