Abstract
It is possible to accurately diagnose diseases in the early stages using optical coherence tomography. A mathematical model has been developed for two diseases: glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. The model takes into account digital data of ophthalmological equipment obtained from the optic nerve disk and macular area. Criteria that take into account the thickness of the macular zone and the parameters of the optic nerve disc were developed (integral volume and area of the neuroretinal rim, the area of the optic disc excavation). The proposed mathematical model gives the opportunity to predict the development of combined pathology in relation of the integral area of the neuroretinal rim to the integral volume, as well as to a criterion that takes into account the thickness of the macula and the area of excavation of the optic nerve head. The model makes it possible to give a clear risk of developing diseases (low, high) and a significant prognosis of the course of diseases (good prognosis for vision, bad prognosis for vision). The capability of the mathematical model to predict the development of the disease in a patient with type 2 diabetes is demonstrated.
Highlights
The problem of the relationship between primary open-angle glaucoma and diabetes mellitus has been studied worldwide for more than eighty years [1,2,3,4]
Optical coherence tomography provides objective digital data on the integral area and volume of the neuroretinal rim, the excavation of the optic nerve disk according to the level of retinal pigment epithelium, and determines the layer of retinal nerve fibers located around the optic nerve disk using circular scans
A mathematical model has been created for predicting the development of the combined pathology of diabetic retinopathy and primary open-angle glaucoma
Summary
The problem of the relationship between primary open-angle glaucoma and diabetes mellitus has been studied worldwide for more than eighty years [1,2,3,4]. The common pathogenetic mechanisms of the two diseases have been proven Both glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy affect the internal parts of the retina [5,6,7]. Optical coherence tomography provides objective digital data on the integral area and volume of the neuroretinal rim, the excavation of the optic nerve disk according to the level of retinal pigment epithelium, and determines the layer of retinal nerve fibers located around the optic nerve disk using circular scans. Both glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy damage the central region of the retina. Optical coherence tomography makes it possible to estimate the thickness of the retina in 9 sectors of the macula [21,22,23]
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