Abstract
Objectives. The article presents the results of research on the definition of criteria for predicting the adverse course of infectious mononucleosis (IM) in children on the basis of the structural organization of lymphocytes of blood. Materials and methods. There were 68 children aged three to fifteen years suffering from IM under supervision. The diagnosis of IM was verified by PCR (detection of EBV DNA in the blood) and ELISA (anti-EBV Ig M and Ig G). The biophysical organization of the cytoplasmic membrane of lymphocytes was determined by the method of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of spin probes using the method of additional broadening at microwave parameters 9.39 gHz, amplitude of high-frequency modulation 1 gauge, magnetic field scan time 200 sec, time constants 0.1 milliseconds (ms). Microviscosity of the intracellular environment of lymphocytes was determined by the mobility parameter of a water-soluble probe (nickel ferricyanide), which easily penetrates into the cytoplasm and in combination with extracellular paramagnetic ions, allows to evaluate the microviscosity of intracellular contents in relative units (r.u.). Results. According to the results of observations, it is established that at the stages of manifestation of the disease there are pronounced violations of the biophysical organization of the structure of lymphocytes in the form of a decrease of viscosity and elastic properties of intracellular content and cytoplasmic membrane of lymphocytes. It was characterized by the fact that the average values of the penetration rate of the electron paramagnetic resonance of the spin probe (PR EPR s.p) in patients of both groups were significantly higher than the normative ones. In the group with smooth course, they exceeded the norm by 1.5 times, and in patients with prolonged course by 1.8 times, and the values of the microviscosity of intracellular contents (MIC) were significantly reduced compared to the control - by 22.1% in patients with a smooth course of the disease and 25.1% - with a prolonged course of IM. Conclusions. In patients with prolonged course of IM these disorders were more pronounced than in the smooth course of the disease. In the period of convalescence, the indicators of the biophysical organization of the structure of lymphocytes of patients with a smooth course of IM did not differ from the norm, and in patients with a prolonged course of the disease, their reliable deviation was revealed.
Highlights
The relevance of the problem of infectious mononucleosis (IM) is determined by the high level of infection of the pediatric population with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), the possibility of developing an unfavorable course of the disease and the formation, in some cases, of prolonged immunosuppression with deficiency of T-cell and phagocytic immunity.In the available literature, the issues of etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations of the disease are sufficiently covered [1, 2, 3]
In the period of convalescence, the indicators of the biophysical organization of the structure of lymphocytes of patients with a smooth course of IM did not differ from the norm, and in patients with a prolonged course of the disease, their reliable deviation was revealed
The study of the structural and functional state of the cytoplasmic membrane of lymphocytes showed that the average values of the penetration rate of the electron paramagnetic resonance of the spin probe (PR EPR s.p) in patients of both groups were significantly higher than the normative ones
Summary
The relevance of the problem of infectious mononucleosis (IM) is determined by the high level of infection of the pediatric population with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), the possibility of developing an unfavorable course of the disease and the formation, in some cases, of prolonged immunosuppression with deficiency of T-cell and phagocytic immunity.In the available literature, the issues of etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations of the disease are sufficiently covered [1, 2, 3]. The relevance of the problem of infectious mononucleosis (IM) is determined by the high level of infection of the pediatric population with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), the possibility of developing an unfavorable course of the disease and the formation, in some cases, of prolonged immunosuppression with deficiency of T-cell and phagocytic immunity. Late diagnosis of active forms of EBV infection, and untimely treatment, can lead to uncontrolled proliferation of B-lymphocytes, which is a causal factor in the malignancy of WEBinfected cells with the development of lymphoproliferative diseases [6]. It is known that the development and course of infectious pathology depends on the structural and functional state of Kolesnyk Yana., 2019. The study of the structural organization of blood lymphocytes can be a source of development of new ways of diagnosis of variants of the course of various diseases, including IM
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