Abstract
Spectrophotometry in combination with cold induced aggregation microextraction was used to preconcentrate and determine tungsten in environmental and biological samples. The preconcentration and extraction of tungsten was performed in the presence of 5-(2′,4′-dimethylphenylazo)-6-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-dione (DMPAHPD) as complexing agent. In the present procedure, sodium hexafluorophosphate (NaPF6) was transferred to the sample solution containing minimum amounts of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [Hmim][PF6] as extraction solvent. The preconcentration and extraction efficiency were affected and optimized by parameters as amount of ionic liquid, ionic strength pH, and temperature. The applicability was evaluated to detect trace amount of tungsten in various types of environmental and biological samples. The calibration curve was linear in the concentration range 2.5-80 ng mL-1 with correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9994 under the optimum experimental conditions. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was 1.73 % for 40 ng mL-1 (n = 10) tungsten. The detection limit (LOD) of 0.8 ng mL-1 and enhancement factor of 300 were obtained.
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