Preclinical Studies of the Lemon Hill as a Multi-approach Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Plant: Citrus Pseudolimon Tanaka

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of methanol leaves extract (CPMLE) and ethyl acetate fraction (CPEALF) of lemon hill (Citrus pseudolimon) was examined on key enzymes (α-glucosidase and α-amylase) in type-2 diabetes. In-vivo antidiabetic activity was evaluated in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats against CPMLE and CPEALF. Methanolic extract of the plant was effective against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging (IC50 = 313.20 µg mL−1), reducing power (IC50 = 366.69 µg mL−1), and H2O2 scavenging (IC50 = 498.26 µg mL−1) and phosphomolybdate radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 508.02 µg mL−1). Ethyl acetate fraction demonstrated DPPH radical scavenging (IC50 = 259.33 µg mL−1), reducing power (IC50 = 268.91 µg mL−1), and H2O2 scavenging (IC50 = 476.39 µg mL−1) and phosphomolybdate radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 278.60 µg mL−1). C. pseudolimon methanol extract had inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase (IC50 = 350.09 µg mL−1) and α-amylase (IC50 = 291.17 µg mL−1) enzymes. Oral administration of CPMLE and CPEALF reduced elevated fasting blood glucose, lipid levels, and oxidative stress along with Hb1AC level.