Abstract
Global Positioning System (GPS) has been proved to be a powerful tool for measuring co-seismic ground displacements with an application to seismic source inversion. Whereas most of the tsunamis are triggered by large earthquakes, GPS can contribute to the tsunami early warning system (TEWS) by helping to obtain tsunami source parameters in near real-time. Toward the end of 2012, the second phase of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) constellation was accomplished, and BDS has been providing regional positioning service since then. Numerical results indicate that precision of BDS nowadays is equivalent to that of the GPS. Compared with a single Global Satellite Navigation System (GNSS), combined BDS/GPS real-time processing can improve accuracy and especially reliability of retrieved co-seismic displacements. In the present study, we investigate the potential of BDS to serve for the early warning system of tsunamis in the South China Sea region. To facilitate early warnings of tsunamis and forecasting capabilities in this region, we propose to distribute an array of BDS-stations along the Luzon Island (Philippines). By simulating an earthquake with Mw = 8 at the Manila trench as an example, we demonstrate that such an array will be able to detect earthquake parameters in real time with a high degree of accuracy and, hence, contribute to the fast and reliable tsunami early warning system in this region.
Highlights
As one of the most devastating natural coastal disasters, tsunamis are triggered mostly by shallow earthquakes in submarine subduction zones [1] producing the most damage in the near field and propagating basin-wide
Earthquakes of this magnitude will not pose a significant tsunami threat for the coasts of China and Taiwan but can still be dangerous in the near field (Figure 7). In this case, simulated co-seismic displacements are significantly smaller (Figure 6a), and the better signal-to-noise ratio of the joint BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS)/Global Positioning System (GPS) real-time processing results in better restoration of the original slip distribution and, in better tsunami forecasting for the near field
In this case, simulated coseismic displacements are significantly smaller (Figure 6a), and the better signal-to-noise ratio of the joint BDS/GPS real-time processing results in better restoration of the original slip distribution Remote Sens. 201(5c,o7m, 1p5a9re55F–ig1u5r9e686b,c) and, in better tsunami forecasting for the near field
Summary
As one of the most devastating natural coastal disasters, tsunamis are triggered mostly by shallow earthquakes in submarine subduction zones [1] producing the most damage in the near field and propagating basin-wide. Sobolev et al [17] pointed out that the reliable prediction of tsunami waves on the Indonesian coast can be issued within less than 5 min of an earthquake by incorporating special types of near-field GPS arrays (“GPS-Shield” concept for Indonesia). They proposed deployment of such arrays for other tsunamigenic active regions.
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